Dragonfly's Haseeb Qureshi Is Still Optimistic in the Crypto Bear Market
Crypto's most successful projects have historically been built during downcycles.
There are "five unsolved problems of cryptocurrency," according to Haseeb Qureshi, a managing partner at Dragonfly Capital. That is: identity, scalability, privacy, interoperability and user experience, or UX.
Qureshi is among the smartest of the "smart money" set in the digital asset industry. His firm's financial backing is an imprimatur, a way to legitimize the likely successful and likely impactful, in a sea of volatile tokens.
He spoke today at CoinDesk's Consensus conference, the world's largest cryptocurrency event, and was joined on stage by other so-called "gigabrains" Kanav Kariy, the president of Jump Crypto, and Dawn Song, founder of Oasis Protocol, a privacy-focused blockchain lauded for its technical features.
Almost all crypto projects that are successful in the long-term solved one of these perennial problems, Qureshi said. His definition of "success" here is untethered from financial wins, and instead means a blockchain project that is finding real use.
Moreover, almost all today's successful projects were founded in a bear market, Qureshi said. That might signal optimism for today's markets, when bitcoin is well off its all-time high and a looming recession might spell death for the riskiest assets – like cryptos.
As the crypto industry gathers to party and work at Consensus, it, like the global economy, stares down a period of anomalous inflation and market uncertainty. It's unknown if crypto can weather the storm, what it will look like on the other side, and whether we're approaching mass adoption or extinction.
"The question of whether these things have utility is very different from the question of their financial success," Qureshi said in an interview. CoinDesk caught up with him after the "What's next for DeFi and Web 3" fireside chat. "Innovation happens when tackling new and important problems," he said.
Qureshi mentioned the unicorns (or private companies with at least a $1 billion valuation) Uniswap and OpenSea. Coinbase, also name-dropped, was a former unicorn that successfully went public. All have become product leaders in sectors like decentralized trading, non-fungible tokens (NFT) and retail on-boarding, respectively, having found solutions to hard problems.
And all were founded during bear markets, he said. Popular opinion in crypto says that bear markets clear out the speculators so the most committed players can build. Hype does not always spell conviction.
But the current bear market is structurally different from any other the digital asset industry has endured. Climbing interest rates pull capital out from the farthest end of the risk curve, and it's still unknown how that will ultimately impact digital assets. There are fewer people speculating, and less demand for the risky leverage, yield or upside crypto provides.
Qureshi, however, is optimistic. "The 2018 bear market was exogenous," he said, explaining how he was "shocked" when it happened because the pullback began and ended within the crypto industry. That may have meant crypto was a dead end; but it wasn't.
"The reason why crypto went down [in 2018] was because people lost confidence," he said. "The bear market today is because of macro."
On-stage, Kariy made a similar point: DeFi (decentralized finance) is down, equities are down, global markets are down. "[This is] not particular to crypto. Leverage unwind [is occurring simultaneously] in a bunch of different buckets," he said.
This may "all be happening at once," but it's responding to a "single lever" of rising interest rates as the Federal Reserve increases the costs of borrowing capital to quell inflation. What's unusual is that you might expect interest rates in DeFi to increase alongside the discount rate – but that isn't happening, necessarily.
"DeFi is not a story about today, it's a story about the future," Qureshi said. "Most protocols today make no money." Uniswap, for instance, earns fees and pays returns to UNI token holders, but doesn't have revenues, Qureshi said.
Many crypto projects are in a similar position of building services, finding users and delaying the question of how to earn revenues. But that doesn't mean profitability is an impossibility, and crypto does take a fundamentally different approach to "customer-company" relationships.
The "DeFi Summer" of 2020 was largely driven by yield farming, or the token incentives protocols paid to users of crypto software. Qureshi referred to this as a "user acquisition strategy," a way of getting "dollars" into their systems.
Yield farming has largely come and gone, and is the type of expensive user incentive program that might only be possible in a period of cheap money. The good news for Qureshi is that yield farming was "not useful" and onboarded "cavalier users."
Further, in bull markets, there's a tendency in crypto for projects to barely "iterate" on their competitors' products – like adding a native token to a crypto exchange – rather than properly innovating. After a time, these strategies exhaust themselves.
The industry now, facing a bear market, might see "iteration towards more intelligent ways of capturing users," Qureshi said. Because it's sink or swim, now. But there are still "five unsolved problems" to tackle.
– D.K.
